Slave auctions at Ryan's Mart were advertised in broadsheets throughout the 1850s, some appearing as far away as Galveston, Texas. In addition to enslaved people, the market sold real estate and stock. The building's auction table was 3 feet (0.91 m) high and 10 feet (3.0 m) long and stood just inside the arched doorway. Oakes purchased Ryan's Mart and built the Old Slave Mart building as an auction gallery. Ryan's Mart originally consisted of a closed lot with three structures - a four-story barracoon or slave jail, a kitchen, and a morgue or "dead house." One such market was Ryan's Mart, established by city councilman and broker Thomas Ryan and his business partner James Marsh. After the city prohibited public slave auctions in 1856, Charlestonians established enclosed slave markets along Chalmers, State, and Queen streets. Throughout the first half of the 19th century, enslaved people brought into Charleston were sold at public auctions held on the north side of the Exchange and Provost building. History The layout of Ryan's Mart, circa 1860. Today, an iron gate is in the archway again. Interior partitions were added in subsequent decades, dividing the first floor into three rooms. The arched entryway initially held an iron gate in the late 1870s, it was filled with simple doors. In 1878, a second floor was added, and the roof was overhauled. The building initially contained one large room with a 20-foot (6.1 m) ceiling. The unique façade of the Old Slave Mart consists of 20-foot (6.1 m) octagonal pillars at each end, with a central elliptical arch comprising the entrance. The building originally measured 44 feet (13 m) by 20 feet (6.1 m), but an extension in 1922 gave it its current dimensions. The front (south side) faces the cobblestone-paved Chalmers Street. The Old Slave Mart is a 67-foot (20 m) by 19-foot (5.8 m) brick structure with a stuccoed façade. The Old Slave Mart Museum has operated on and off since 1938. Slave auctions were held at the site until approximately 1863 in 1865, the Union Army occupied Charleston and closed Ryan's Mart. Charleston City Councilman Thomas Ryan established the private auction facility in 1856 after a citywide ban on public slave auctions. The Old Slave Mart was originally part of a slave market known as Ryan's Slave Mart, which covered a large enclosed lot between Chalmers and Queen Streets. Today, the building houses the Old Slave Mart Museum.
In 1975, the Old Slave Mart was added to the National Register of Historic Places for its role in Charleston's African American history. Constructed in 1859, the building is believed to be the last extant slave auction facility in South Carolina.
The Old Slave Mart is a building located at 6 Chalmers Street in Charleston, South Carolina that once housed an antebellum-period slave-auction gallery.
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